The Republic of India, Asia’s second-largest country after China,
fills the major part of the South Asian subcontinent (which it
shares with Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh) and
includes the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal
and Lakshadweep (formerly the Laccadive, Minicoy, and
Amindivi Islands) in the Arabian Sea. The total area is 3,287,590
sq km (1,269,345 sq mi), including 222,236 sq km (85,806 sq
mi) belonging to Jammu and Kashmir; of this disputed region,
78,932 sq km (30,476 sq mi) are under the de facto control of
Pakistan and 42,735 sq km (16,500 sq mi) are held by China.
Comparatively, the area occupied by India is slightly more than
one-third the size of the United States. China claims part of
Arunachal Pradesh. Continental India extends 3,214 km (1,997
mi) N–S and 2,933 km (1,822 mi) E–W. India is bordered on the N
by the disputed area of Jammu and Kashmir (west of the
Karakoram Pass), China, Nepal, and Bhutan; on the E by
Myanmar, Bangladesh, and the Bay of Bengal; on the S by the
Indian Ocean; on the W by the Arabian Sea; and on the NW by
Pakistan. The total boundary length is 21,103 km (13,113 mi), of
which 7,00 km (4,340 mi) is coastline.
India’s capital city, New Delhi, is located in the northcentral
part of the country.
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